What is hypertension?

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a condition in which the force of blood flowing through a person’s blood vessels is consistently too high. Over time, this puts stress on the arteries, the heart and the kidneys, which increases the risk of heart attack and stroke.1

High blood pressure

Optimal blood pressure is <120/80 mmHg. An average blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher is considered hypertension.2 Depending upon your age and health status, your physician will help you identify the target blood pressure that is optimal for you.

1.4 billion adults worldwide aged 30–79 years had hypertension in 2024. Only 23% had their blood pressure under control. Uncontrolled hypertension remains a primary risk factor for heart attacks, strokes, chronic kidney disease, and dementia. All statements marked reference 1.

Managing high blood pressure

While diet, exercise and medications are the first-line treatments, it can still be challenging to meet the target blood pressure goal. Despite available treatments, blood pressure control remains suboptimal worldwide.3

A growing area of research

For patients unable to effectively control their blood pressure with lifestyle changes and medication therapy, a new class of interventional products have been developed for the treatment of hypertension using a procedure called renal denervation.3, 4 The 2023 European Society of Hypertension guidelines were modified to recognize the effectiveness and safety of renal denervation.5 Renal denervation is also recognized as a treatment option that is additive or alternative to increasing medication in patients with uncontrolled resistant hypertension who do not have a secondary cause of hypertension.2

This alcohol-mediated renal denervation procedure has the objective of ablating these sympathetic nerves to reduce their overactivity. The overactive sympathetic nervous system may play a role not only in hypertension, but also in heart failure, kidney disease, metabolic syndrome and sleep apnea.6, 7

The ASI Clinical Trial program is investigating Dehydrate Alcohol Injection, USP administered using the Peregrine System™ Infusion Catheter to assess the efficacy and safety of alcohol-mediated renal denervation procedure to treat uncontrolled hypertension.

Diagram showing the brain, heart and kidneys connected by nerves, with a catheter approaching the renal artery

Reference Organizations

These resources contain additional information about high blood pressure. These links are provided for educational and informational purposes only.

They will take you to external websites and do not constitute medical advice from our organization.

References

1 https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov

2 Mancia G, Kreutz R, Brunstrӧm M, et al. 2023 ESH guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension the task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension: Endorsed by the International Society of Hypertension (ISH) and the European Renal Association (ERA). J Hypertens. 2023;41(12):1874-2071. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003480

3 Schmieder et al, European Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Renal Denervation 2018, Journal of Hypertension 2018 Oct;36(10):2042-2048. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001858

4 Mahfoud et al, Proceedings from the 2nd European Consensus Conference for device-based therapies for hypertension: state of the art and considerations for the future, European Heart Journal (2018) 0,1-6. doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehy584

5 Grassi G. Devices-based treatment of hypertension: the position of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) 2023 guidelines. Expert Rev Med Devices. 2024;21(4):265-267. doi: 10.1080/17434440.2024.2339414

6 Mahfoud et al, Catheter-based renal denervation in hypertension: heading for new shores, J Hypertension 2018 January; 36(1): 41-42. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001614

7 Fisher et al, Central Sympathetic Overactivity: Maladies and Mechanisms, Auton Neurosci. 2009 June 15; 148(1-2): 5–15. doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2009.02.003